SS-31, also known as elamipretide or Bendavia, is a synthetic tetrapeptide that selectively targets the inner mitochondrial membrane. It binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid essential for mitochondrial electron transport chain function.
By stabilizing cardiolipin, SS-31 optimizes mitochondrial energy production, reduces oxidative stress, and protects cells from age-related mitochondrial dysfunction.
SS-31 has been investigated in clinical trials for heart failure, mitochondrial myopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. It is not FDA-approved but is available through compounding pharmacies for off-label use.
Clinical trials are ongoing; early results show promise particularly in cardiac and mitochondrial disease.
SS-31 works at the mitochondrial level:
Initial characterization of SS-31 as a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant peptide with potent cytoprotective effects.
Clinical trial evaluating elamipretide in patients with heart failure, showing improvements in cardiac function markers.
Research demonstrating that SS-31 reversed age-related mitochondrial dysfunction and improved skeletal muscle energetics.
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Disclaimer: The information on this page was generated with the assistance of artificial intelligence and compiled from publicly available sources. While efforts are made to ensure accuracy, information may be incomplete, outdated, or incorrect and should not be relied upon as medical advice.
R2 Medical Clinic uses medications sourced from compounding pharmacies. Compounded drugs have not been approved by the FDA; have not been reviewed by the FDA for safety, efficacy, or quality; and have not been demonstrated to the FDA to be safe or effective for their intended use. The processes by which the compounded drugs are manufactured have not been reviewed by the FDA. FDA approved products containing semaglutide and tirzepatide are available.